Este artículo tiene como objetivo hacer una reflexión sobre las diferencias entre el abuso sexual y el incesto. Partiendo de la experiencia clínica transferencial con pacientes mujeres que, relataron haber vivido el abuso sexual por parte de sus padres, pienso la correlación que existe entre esa experiencia y las relaciones iniciales, pregenitales entre madre e hija. A menudo, encontramos que los relatos giran alrededor de la relación del padre con la hija, dejando de lado lo que pasa entre la madre y la hija, como si ésta fuera una "relación olvidada". En lo que se refiere a la transferencia, el analista puede verse aprisionado por una escucha impregnada de moralismo y tendencias de protección hacia la niña y, a su vez, sentirse identificado con el desamparo y con el dolor frente a la violencia.
A partir de la experiencia clínica con pacientes que relataron haber tenido vivencias de abuso sexual, por parte del padre, concluí que sería importante señalar las diferencias entre el incesto y el abuso sexual, desde el punto de vista de la dinámica de las relaciones padre-madre-hija.
Por su carácter impactante, las experiencias de abuso sexual aprisionan y someten al individuo a los excesos que toda situación de pasión impone. Esas experiencias son las herederas de la seducción que circula entre los padres y la hija, que atraviesa esas relaciones y determina la constitución del sujeto.
Sin embargo, las situaciones de abuso sexual tienen sus raíces en la violación a un orden establecido.
Los casos en que he trabajado sugieren que, el incesto pertenece a la esfera del goce con la madre, mientras que, el abuso sexual se refiere a la violación a la prohibición del incesto. Toda violación contiene una dimensión de abuso. El incesto abarca esta dimensión, sin embargo, no todo abuso se caracteriza como incesto. Podemos decir que, el abuso sexual es un intento de repetir la situación incestuosa que no llega, muchas veces, a caracterizarse como incesto, pues, la cuestión en pauta es la trasgresión en relación con el límite establecido y no que la prohibición, en sí, no exista.
El factor determinante que distingue el incesto del abuso sexual, es la posición que la niña ocupa en relación con las funciones materna y paterna y con los deseos, de cada uno de los padres, relativos al lugar de esta niña. Esta idea es contraria a algunas de las teorías actuales, pues, éstas últimas consideran la relación padre-hija siempre incestuosa.
No se trata, aquí, de sugerir que el abuso sea menos grave que el incesto y, de esta forma, que la experiencia de la niña pueda ser minimizada y sí de evaluar esas vivencias a partir de sus posibles repercusiones psíquicas. Consideramos que, tanto el incesto como el abuso sexual son experiencias impregnadas de violencia, pero, de diferente naturaleza y que traen consigo consecuencias distintas.
La relación transferencial entre paciente y analista nos revela los contenidos reprimidos de las experiencias de abuso sexual, tanto desde el punto de vista de la niña que sufre, como de la fantasía que esa niña puede absorber o interpretar del deseo de sus padres. Lo que cuenta es la experiencia del sujeto en relación con la posición deseante de los padres.
Los deseos inconscientes atraviesan las relaciones entre padres e hijos/as. La función materna es un operador fundamental para la estructuración del sujeto y para dichas relaciones, pudiendo criar, a veces, las condiciones necesarias para el abuso sexual o el incesto. Las funciones materna y paterna circulan dentro del trío padre-madre-hija en un interjuego, en el cual los lugares pueden ser ocupados por cualquier sujeto, o sea, no es necesariamente la madre la que ejercerá la función materna, ni el padre la paterna.
Para el psicoanálisis, el incesto se configura cuando le es imposible a la niña constituirse como un ser independiente del deseo de la madre. Es la dificultad de discriminarse -resultado del fracaso de la función-padre en la constitución del límite y determinación de los parámetros entre el yo y el otro- que favorece la relación incestuosa. Ni la madre ni el padre logran ocupar el lugar de la prohibición.
La relación de abuso sexual entre padre e hija empieza mucho antes del momento edípico, durante las relaciones pregenitales de la niña con la madre -responsable por la constitución de la experiencia erógena del cuerpo de la niña. La niña que sufre de abuso sexual, por parte de su padre, es muchas veces "ofrecida" a él por la madre, en un intento de realizar su propio deseo edípico. Por lo tanto, al sufrir el abuso sexual del padre, la niña es sometida, no solo a él, sino también, al deseo incestuoso de la madre, la cual se encuentra, a menudo, presa de su propio Edipo. De esta manera, se actualiza toda una cadena transgeneracional. El deseo materno, captado inconscientemente por la niña, entra en sintonía con el propio deseo incestuoso de fusión con la madre. Cuando la madre no puede impedir que el padre use el cuerpo de la hija, deja, de esta manera, de ocupar el lugar del que prohíbe y protege a la niña y puede, de cierta forma, ser considerada cómplice de ese padre.
El padre es parte de otra cadena transgeneracional que podrá hacerlo vivir, en carácter regresivo, una relación incestuosa con la madre. No se reconoce como capaz de ejercer la función paterna y, a veces, no es, de hecho, capaz de ejercerla efectivamente. Conoce las leyes y la prohibición, pero no se somete a ellas. El abuso sexual es el resultado de una configuración específica de este trío familiar. La madre no está ausente en las situaciones de abuso sexual, como se cree, pero se encuentra presente en los bastidores de esa vivencia, algunas veces, hasta, promoviéndola y siendo, perversamente, cómplice del padre. Para su relación con los hijos, los padres traen consigo aspectos inconscientes marcados por sus primeras relaciones objetales. De esta forma, la niña es convocada a ocupar el lugar de una falta.
En su deseo de ser amada, la niña "seduce" a la madre, tratando de convencerla de que ella es justo lo que le hace falta, sin embargo, ni la niña puede completar a la madre, ni ésta última a la niña. El incesto es el resultado de la falta de discriminación entre el yo y el otro, en la que los límites son oscurecidos
Para comprender los casos de abuso sexual y de incesto es necesario que rescatemos algunas relaciones generalmente tratadas con negligencia:
la comprensión de las relaciones entre Yocasta y Edipo;
las relaciones entre las madres e hijas de la horda primitiva;
la dinámica ambivalente (amor-odio) entre madre e hija en los casos de abuso sexual.
El análisis de esas relaciones reveló el papel del odio en dichas situaciones. La ambivalencia presente en esas relaciones olvidadas (madre-hija) es dinámicamente vivida a través de los mecanismos de proyección e introyección. La introyección es necesaria para que la niña pueda criar una representación del mundo externo dentro de su aparato psíquico, organizando, de esta forma, su caos pulsional y dialectizando el deseo del otro- la madre. En las situaciones de abuso sexual, la niña introyecta el deseo incestuoso de la madre aceptando el lugar que le ha sido, por ella, impuesto. Puede, también, utilizar esta situación como una venganza: apropiándose de aquello que debería ser el objeto del deseo de la madre- el padre. Nos dimos cuenta, por lo tanto, de la importancia de tener en cuenta la rivalidad que existe entre madre e hija.
La proyección es un recurso que le permite al individuo lidiar con el odio que resulta de la frustración y del displacer. En los casos de abuso sexual, cuando esto no acontece, presenciamos situaciones en las cuales el odio permanece dentro del psiquismo, realizando ataques contra sí mismo, pudiendo llegar a situaciones extremas. La realidad de las experiencias vividas se constituye en la presencia del otro, a través de un interjuego de introyección y proyección.
El abuso sexual confronta al sujeto con el exceso, remitiéndolo al estado de desamparo característico de las experiencias más primitivas. El trauma se configura cuando metabolizar ese exceso, simbolizar esa vivencia es imposible. La situación traumática se caracteriza por un exceso de excitación que invade el aparato psíquico. La experiencia se vuelve patológica cuando el desamparo, por el sujeto vivido, es de tal intensidad que éste permanece preso e inmóvil, de tal manera, que la reorganización psíquica no pueda ser alcanzada. Podemos decir que, en el caso de las niñas que sufren abuso sexual encontramos, a veces, también, una experiencia de dolor física presente, pero debemos cuidar de no dicotomizar al sujeto y considerar la experiencia del cuerpo anatómico desvinculada de lo imaginario. Como Volich nos dice (1999a):
"...Todo dolor, aún cuando tiene su origen en una lesión real, remite al individuo a sus experiencias más primitivas de desamparo, de la misma forma que aún en la ausencia de lesión, el sufrimiento es también acompañado por sensaciones corporales, difusas o localizadas". (p.3).
Comprender las diferencias entre incesto y abuso sexual, plenamente, exige, por lo tanto, que se comprenda el carácter indisociable de las relaciones entre el cuerpo anatómico y fisiológico del correspondiente cuerpo imaginario. Es, también, necesario que se considere el contexto cultural en el que se encuentra inserto el sujeto.
Es el sello de la cultura el que determina que el contacto sexual entre padre e hija sea incestuoso y por lo tanto prohibido. Históricamente, el padre de la horda primitiva poseía a todas las mujeres del clan, inclusive a sus hijas, pudiendo disfrutar de ellas como bien entendiese, aún sexualmente. La institución totémica organizó las relaciones sociales, inclusive el acceso a las mujeres y las relaciones entre generaciones. Dicha organización instaura las leyes y los preceptos. El hombre pasa de una condición natural, instintiva, a una condición social, cultural. Son estas reglas las que determinan lo que es permitido y lo que es considerado abusivo u obsceno.
Esta perspectiva nos invita a que reflexionemos sobre la moral contemporánea.
Hoy en día, nuestra sociedad incita a las niñas a que se travistan de musas sexuales, por un lado, y al mismo tiempo, prohíbe las relaciones incestuosas (los valores morales se oponen a los deseos pulsionales, también validados por la sociedad). Es de gran importancia que entendamos el actual contexto social, pues, cuestiones relacionadas con alguna violación, son cada vez más frecuentes. De tal forma que los casos de incesto y de abuso sexual son encontrados regularmente en las instituciones de servicio, sea psicológico, jurídico o de asistencia.
A pesar de que estos casos lleguen, cada vez, con mayor frecuencia, no dejan de causarle horror a quien los escucha. Desde el punto de vista de la transferencia, nos resulta difícil deshacernos de nuestra escucha impregnada del aspecto moral y de protección a la niña. ¿Cómo podemos, entonces, oír estas situaciones de abuso sexual entre padre e hija sin que acabemos "enamorados", presos en la historia? Resulta difícil, la mayoría de las veces, que permanezcamos indiferentes al relato y mantengamos nuestra atención flotante, ya que, somos convocados a nuestro propio desamparo frente a la violencia.
¿Cuáles son las implicaciones involucradas en la distinción entre el abuso sexual y el incesto para la clínica? ¿Cómo escuchar estas experiencias sin que nos coloquemos en el lugar de quien ofrece amparo y protección? Podemos, sin embargo, considerar que, a veces, la "víctima" se ofrece para el abuso, por implicaciones de su propia historia.
En la clínica, nuestros pacientes pueden acabar disfrutando histéricamente de la experiencia del abuso sexual como un factor de control y de seducción del propio analista. Por un lado, ellos nos piden protección, pero por otro, en un proceso de identificación con el agresor, tratan de seducirnos y colocarnos en un lugar de sumisión y prisión. Ferenczi (1932) expuso esta dinámica, enfatizando que la niña solicita ternura, mientras que, el adulto enfermo responde con la sexualidad genital. El abuso sexual debe ser considerado como un problema del trío familiar que confunde y deja desamparados a sus miembros.
Dentro de la perspectiva de este trabajo, a pesar de que seamos convidados por nuestros pacientes a que ocupemos un lugar que no sea el de analistas, identificados con el desamparo, con el dolor y con el horror de la "relación incestuosa", resulta necesario que oigamos estos relatos como sueños, soñando junto con ellos, pero sin dejar que el pathos nos aprisione, sin que padezcamos de pasividad. Debemos dejar que los asistentes sociales, jueces y abogados ocupen sus respectivos lugares. Al analista cabe vivir la experiencia clínica, desvencijándose de los hechos concretos y permitiéndose fluir en el sueño. Viviendo la experiencia de soñar, el paciente podrá amar y odiar, dando una nueva dimensión a su pasado y librándose de las cadenas impuestas por la pasión.
Esta realización es producto de la Juventud, talentos juveniles del Bronx, Nyc.
This article aims to reflect on the differences between sexual abuse and incest. Based on clinical experience with patients transference women who reported having experienced sexual abuse by their parents, I think the correlation between that experience and initial relations, pregenital between mother and daughter. Often, we find that the stories revolve around the relationship of father and daughter, leaving aside what happens between mother and daughter, as if it were a "forgotten relationship." In regard to transference, the analyst may be imprisoned for listening impregnated moralism and trends towards child protection and, in turn, identify with the helplessness and pain from violence.
From clinical experience with patients who reported having had experiences of sexual abuse by the father, I concluded that it is important to note the differences between incest and sexual abuse from the point of view of the dynamics of parent- mother-daughter.
Because it is shocking, experiences of sexual abuse and imprison the individual subjected to the excesses of passion that every situation requires. These experiences are the heirs of seduction that circulates between parents and daughter, going through those relationships and determines the constitution of the subject.
However, situations of sexual abuse are rooted in the violation of an established order.
The cases I've worked suggest that incest is in the field of jouissance with the mother, while sexual abuse refers to the violation of the prohibition of incest. Any violation contains a dimension of abuse. Incest covers this dimension, however, not all abuse is characterized as incest. We can say that sexual abuse is an attempt to repeat the incestuous situation that does not come very often to be characterized as incest, then, the issue is the transgression pattern in relation to the limit and not the ban itself , does not exist.
The factor that distinguishes incest sexual abuse, is the position that the child has in relation to maternal and paternal functions and the wishes of each parent, on the place of this child. This is contrary to some current theories, then, the latter considered the father-daughter incest always.
It is not, here, to suggest that abuse is less serious than incest and, thus, that the experience of the child can be minimized and evaluate these experiences themselves from possible psychological consequences. We believe that both incest and sexual abuse experiences are imbued with violence, but of different nature and they bring different consequences.
The transference relationship between patient and analyst reveals the repressed contents of the experiences of sexual abuse, both from the standpoint of the child who suffers, and the fantasy that this child can absorb or interpret the will of their parents. What counts is the experience of the subject in relation to the position of parents desiring.
Unconscious desires traverse the relationships between parents and children / as. The maternal role is a key operator for the structuring of the subject and these relationships can bring, sometimes, the conditions for sexual abuse or incest. Maternal and paternal functions circulating within the trio father-mother-daughter in an interplay in which the sites can be occupied by any subject, that is, not necessarily the mother who will exercise the maternal role, nor the father the father .
For psychoanalysis, incest is configured when it is impossible for the girl up as a desire to be independent of the mother. It is difficult to discriminate, the result of failure of the function-father in the constitution of the limit and determine the parameters between the self and other, which favors the incestuous relationship. Neither the mother nor the father manage to take the place of the ban.
The sexual relationship between father and daughter begins long before the Oedipal moment during the pregenital relationship with the girl's mother responsible for the constitution of experience erogenous body of the girl. The girl who suffers from sexual abuse by her father, is often "offered" to him by the mother, in an attempt to make their own Oedipal desire. Therefore, to suffer sexual abuse of the father, the child is subjected, not only him but also the incestuous desire of the mother, which is often prey to his own Oedipus. Thus, a chain is updated across the generations. The maternal desire, unconsciously attracted by the girl, comes into line with their own incestuous desire to merge with the mother. When the mother can not prevent the parent to use the body of the child, leaves, thus occupying the place that prohibits and protects the child and may in some ways be considered an accomplice to that parent.
The father is part of another trans chain that you can do live, regressive, an incestuous relationship with her mother. Not recognized as capable of exercising the paternal function and, sometimes, is not in fact able to exercise effectively. Know the law and the ban, but does not submit to them. Sexual abuse is the result of a specific configuration of this family trio. The mother is absent in situations of sexual abuse, as is believed, but is present in the racks of this experience, sometimes even, promoting it and being, perversely, the father accomplice. Their relationship with their children, parents bring their unconscious aspects marked by early object relations. In this way, she is summoned to take the place of a foul.
In his desire to be loved, she "seduces" the mother, trying to convince her that she is just what you need, however, nor the child can complete the mother or the child latter. Incest is the result of the lack of discrimination between self and other, in which boundaries are obscured
To understand the sexual abuse and incest have to rescue them some relationships usually treated with neglect:
understanding of the relationship between Jocasta and Oedipus;
relationships between mothers and daughters of the primal horde;
ambivalent dynamics (love-hate) between mother and daughter in sexual abuse cases.
The analysis of these relationships revealed the role of hatred in these situations. This ambivalence in those relationships forgotten (mother-daughter) is dynamically lived through the mechanisms of projection and introjection. Introjection is necessary for the child can raise a representation of the external world into his psychic apparatus, organizing, thus, its chaos dialectizando drive and desire of the other-the mother. In situations of sexual abuse, the child introjects the mother's incestuous desire to accept the place it was, for her tax. You can also use this as a revenge taking over what should be the object of desire of the mother-father. We realized, therefore, the importance of taking into account the rivalry that exists between mother and daughter.
The projection is a resource that allows the individual to deal with the hatred that results from the frustration and displeasure. In cases of sexual abuse, when this happens, we witness situations where hatred remains in the psyche, to carry out attacks against itself and can reach extremes. The reality of lived experience becomes the other's presence, through an interplay of introjection and projection.
Sexual abuse confronts the subject with the excess, returning it to the state of helplessness characteristic of the most primitive. The trauma is set when metabolize the excess, symbolize this experience is impossible. The traumatic event is characterized by excessive excitement that invades the psychic apparatus. The experience becomes pathological when the helplessness experienced by the subject is of such intensity that it remains imprisoned and immobile, so that psychic reorganization can not be reached. We can say that in the case of girls are sexually abused, sometimes also experience physical pain there, but we must be careful not to dichotomize the subject and consider the experience of anatomical body detached from the imaginary. As Volich says (1999a):
"... All pain, even when it has its origin in an actual injury, it refers the individual to his earliest experiences of helplessness, in the same way that even in the absence of injury, suffering is also accompanied by bodily sensations, blurred or localized. " (P.3).
Understanding the differences between incest and sexual abuse, fully, requires, therefore, to understand the inseparable nature of the relationship between body for anatomical and physiological imaginary body. It is also necessary to consider the cultural context in which the subject is inserted.
Is the hallmark of culture determines that sexual contact between father and daughter to be incestuous and thus forbidden. Historically, the father of the primal horde possessed all women of the clan, including his daughters, enjoying them as well understood, even sexually. The totemic institution organized social relations, including access to women and relationships between generations. This organization establishes the laws and precepts. The man passes from a natural, instinctive, a social, cultural. It is these rules that determine what is allowed and what is considered abusive or obscene.
This perspective invites us to reflect on contemporary morality.
Today, our society encourages girls to have sex travistan muses on the one hand, and at the same time, prohibiting incestuous relations (moral values oppose instinctual desires, also validated by society). It is very important to understand the current social context, then, issues a violation, are becoming more frequent. So that cases of incest and sexual abuse are found regularly in service institutions, whether psychological, legal or assistance.
Although these cases come every time, most often, they still cause horror to the hearer. From the point of view of the transfer, we find it difficult to get rid of our listening and imbued with the moral aspect of child protection. How then can we hear these situations of sexual abuse between father and daughter but end up "in love", imprisoned in history? It is difficult, most of the time, we remain indifferent to the story and keep our floating attention, since, we called our own helplessness in the face of violence.
What are the implications involved in the distinction between sexual abuse and incest to the clinic? How to listen to these experiences without place ourselves in the place who offers shelter and protection? We can, however, consider that sometimes, the "victim" is offered for the abuse, implications of their own history.
At the clinic, our patients may end up enjoying the experience hysterically sexual abuse as a factor of control and seduction of the analyst himself. On the one hand, they ask us protection, but on the other, in a process of identification with the aggressor, trying to seduce us and put us in a place of submission and imprisonment. Ferenczi (1932) explained this dynamic, emphasizing that she asked tenderly, while the adult patient responds with genital sexuality. Sexual abuse should be considered a problem that family trio left confused and helpless to its members.
Within the perspective of this work, although we are invited by our patients that we occupy a place other than the analyst, identified with homelessness, with the pain and the horror of the "incestuous relationship", it is necessary we hear these stories as dreams, dreaming along with them, but without letting the pathos imprison us, we suffer without passivity. We should let social workers, judges and lawyers take their respective places. The analyst should be live clinical experience desvencijándose of the facts and allowing flow into the dream. Living the dream experience, the patient can love and hate, giving a new dimension to his past and getting rid of the chains imposed by passion.
This embodiment is a product of Youth, young talent in the Bronx, Nyc.
From clinical experience with patients who reported having had experiences of sexual abuse by the father, I concluded that it is important to note the differences between incest and sexual abuse from the point of view of the dynamics of parent- mother-daughter.
Because it is shocking, experiences of sexual abuse and imprison the individual subjected to the excesses of passion that every situation requires. These experiences are the heirs of seduction that circulates between parents and daughter, going through those relationships and determines the constitution of the subject.
However, situations of sexual abuse are rooted in the violation of an established order.
The cases I've worked suggest that incest is in the field of jouissance with the mother, while sexual abuse refers to the violation of the prohibition of incest. Any violation contains a dimension of abuse. Incest covers this dimension, however, not all abuse is characterized as incest. We can say that sexual abuse is an attempt to repeat the incestuous situation that does not come very often to be characterized as incest, then, the issue is the transgression pattern in relation to the limit and not the ban itself , does not exist.
The factor that distinguishes incest sexual abuse, is the position that the child has in relation to maternal and paternal functions and the wishes of each parent, on the place of this child. This is contrary to some current theories, then, the latter considered the father-daughter incest always.
It is not, here, to suggest that abuse is less serious than incest and, thus, that the experience of the child can be minimized and evaluate these experiences themselves from possible psychological consequences. We believe that both incest and sexual abuse experiences are imbued with violence, but of different nature and they bring different consequences.
The transference relationship between patient and analyst reveals the repressed contents of the experiences of sexual abuse, both from the standpoint of the child who suffers, and the fantasy that this child can absorb or interpret the will of their parents. What counts is the experience of the subject in relation to the position of parents desiring.
Unconscious desires traverse the relationships between parents and children / as. The maternal role is a key operator for the structuring of the subject and these relationships can bring, sometimes, the conditions for sexual abuse or incest. Maternal and paternal functions circulating within the trio father-mother-daughter in an interplay in which the sites can be occupied by any subject, that is, not necessarily the mother who will exercise the maternal role, nor the father the father .
For psychoanalysis, incest is configured when it is impossible for the girl up as a desire to be independent of the mother. It is difficult to discriminate, the result of failure of the function-father in the constitution of the limit and determine the parameters between the self and other, which favors the incestuous relationship. Neither the mother nor the father manage to take the place of the ban.
The sexual relationship between father and daughter begins long before the Oedipal moment during the pregenital relationship with the girl's mother responsible for the constitution of experience erogenous body of the girl. The girl who suffers from sexual abuse by her father, is often "offered" to him by the mother, in an attempt to make their own Oedipal desire. Therefore, to suffer sexual abuse of the father, the child is subjected, not only him but also the incestuous desire of the mother, which is often prey to his own Oedipus. Thus, a chain is updated across the generations. The maternal desire, unconsciously attracted by the girl, comes into line with their own incestuous desire to merge with the mother. When the mother can not prevent the parent to use the body of the child, leaves, thus occupying the place that prohibits and protects the child and may in some ways be considered an accomplice to that parent.
The father is part of another trans chain that you can do live, regressive, an incestuous relationship with her mother. Not recognized as capable of exercising the paternal function and, sometimes, is not in fact able to exercise effectively. Know the law and the ban, but does not submit to them. Sexual abuse is the result of a specific configuration of this family trio. The mother is absent in situations of sexual abuse, as is believed, but is present in the racks of this experience, sometimes even, promoting it and being, perversely, the father accomplice. Their relationship with their children, parents bring their unconscious aspects marked by early object relations. In this way, she is summoned to take the place of a foul.
In his desire to be loved, she "seduces" the mother, trying to convince her that she is just what you need, however, nor the child can complete the mother or the child latter. Incest is the result of the lack of discrimination between self and other, in which boundaries are obscured
To understand the sexual abuse and incest have to rescue them some relationships usually treated with neglect:
understanding of the relationship between Jocasta and Oedipus;
relationships between mothers and daughters of the primal horde;
ambivalent dynamics (love-hate) between mother and daughter in sexual abuse cases.
The analysis of these relationships revealed the role of hatred in these situations. This ambivalence in those relationships forgotten (mother-daughter) is dynamically lived through the mechanisms of projection and introjection. Introjection is necessary for the child can raise a representation of the external world into his psychic apparatus, organizing, thus, its chaos dialectizando drive and desire of the other-the mother. In situations of sexual abuse, the child introjects the mother's incestuous desire to accept the place it was, for her tax. You can also use this as a revenge taking over what should be the object of desire of the mother-father. We realized, therefore, the importance of taking into account the rivalry that exists between mother and daughter.
The projection is a resource that allows the individual to deal with the hatred that results from the frustration and displeasure. In cases of sexual abuse, when this happens, we witness situations where hatred remains in the psyche, to carry out attacks against itself and can reach extremes. The reality of lived experience becomes the other's presence, through an interplay of introjection and projection.
Sexual abuse confronts the subject with the excess, returning it to the state of helplessness characteristic of the most primitive. The trauma is set when metabolize the excess, symbolize this experience is impossible. The traumatic event is characterized by excessive excitement that invades the psychic apparatus. The experience becomes pathological when the helplessness experienced by the subject is of such intensity that it remains imprisoned and immobile, so that psychic reorganization can not be reached. We can say that in the case of girls are sexually abused, sometimes also experience physical pain there, but we must be careful not to dichotomize the subject and consider the experience of anatomical body detached from the imaginary. As Volich says (1999a):
"... All pain, even when it has its origin in an actual injury, it refers the individual to his earliest experiences of helplessness, in the same way that even in the absence of injury, suffering is also accompanied by bodily sensations, blurred or localized. " (P.3).
Understanding the differences between incest and sexual abuse, fully, requires, therefore, to understand the inseparable nature of the relationship between body for anatomical and physiological imaginary body. It is also necessary to consider the cultural context in which the subject is inserted.
Is the hallmark of culture determines that sexual contact between father and daughter to be incestuous and thus forbidden. Historically, the father of the primal horde possessed all women of the clan, including his daughters, enjoying them as well understood, even sexually. The totemic institution organized social relations, including access to women and relationships between generations. This organization establishes the laws and precepts. The man passes from a natural, instinctive, a social, cultural. It is these rules that determine what is allowed and what is considered abusive or obscene.
This perspective invites us to reflect on contemporary morality.
Today, our society encourages girls to have sex travistan muses on the one hand, and at the same time, prohibiting incestuous relations (moral values oppose instinctual desires, also validated by society). It is very important to understand the current social context, then, issues a violation, are becoming more frequent. So that cases of incest and sexual abuse are found regularly in service institutions, whether psychological, legal or assistance.
Although these cases come every time, most often, they still cause horror to the hearer. From the point of view of the transfer, we find it difficult to get rid of our listening and imbued with the moral aspect of child protection. How then can we hear these situations of sexual abuse between father and daughter but end up "in love", imprisoned in history? It is difficult, most of the time, we remain indifferent to the story and keep our floating attention, since, we called our own helplessness in the face of violence.
What are the implications involved in the distinction between sexual abuse and incest to the clinic? How to listen to these experiences without place ourselves in the place who offers shelter and protection? We can, however, consider that sometimes, the "victim" is offered for the abuse, implications of their own history.
At the clinic, our patients may end up enjoying the experience hysterically sexual abuse as a factor of control and seduction of the analyst himself. On the one hand, they ask us protection, but on the other, in a process of identification with the aggressor, trying to seduce us and put us in a place of submission and imprisonment. Ferenczi (1932) explained this dynamic, emphasizing that she asked tenderly, while the adult patient responds with genital sexuality. Sexual abuse should be considered a problem that family trio left confused and helpless to its members.
Within the perspective of this work, although we are invited by our patients that we occupy a place other than the analyst, identified with homelessness, with the pain and the horror of the "incestuous relationship", it is necessary we hear these stories as dreams, dreaming along with them, but without letting the pathos imprison us, we suffer without passivity. We should let social workers, judges and lawyers take their respective places. The analyst should be live clinical experience desvencijándose of the facts and allowing flow into the dream. Living the dream experience, the patient can love and hate, giving a new dimension to his past and getting rid of the chains imposed by passion.
This embodiment is a product of Youth, young talent in the Bronx, Nyc.
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